为了贯彻新年新气象的宗旨，六级考试委员会一改往日四六级听力双胞胎兄弟如出一辙的形式，生生地将他们拆成了有所区别的表兄弟。下表就是改革后的六级听力题型：

首先，六级听力同样取消了短对话及复合式听写。但并没有出现四级听力的新闻题，而是另一新题型——讲座/讲话题，这一题目形式，其实是接近于国外托福，雅思听力的题型的。其次，在四级听力中占据最大分值的篇章题在六级听力中分值不增翻减，由旧版的10%下降到了7%，题目少了3题，考察篇章由3篇降为一篇。占据分值半壁江山的题型则是新出现的讲座讲话题。现在就让我们以样题为例感受一下新题型。

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.

16. A) They investigate the retirement homes in America.

B) They are on issues facing senior citizens in America.

C) They describe the great pleasures of the golden years.

D) They are filled with fond memories of his grandparents.

17. A) The loss of the ability to take care of himself.

B) The feeling of not being important any more.

C) Being unable to find a good retirement home.

D) Leaving the home he had lived in for 60 years.

18. A) The loss of identity and self-worth.

B) Fear of being replaced or discarded.

C) Freedom from pressure and worldly cares.

D) The possession of wealth and high respect.

19. A) The urgency of pension reform.

B) Medical care for senior citizens.

C) Finding meaningful roles for the elderly in society.

D) The development of public facilities for senior citizens.

Moderator:

Hello Ladies and Gentleman, it gives me great pleasure to introduce our keynote speaker for today’s session, Dr. Howard Miller. Dr. Miller, Professor of Sociology at Washington University, has written numerous articles and books on the issues facing older Americans in our graying society for the past 15 years.Dr. Miller:

Dr. Miller:

Thank you for that introduction. Today, I’d like to preface my remarks with a story from my own life which I feel highlights the common concerns that bring us here together. Several years ago when my grandparents were well into their eighties, they were faced with the reality of no longer being able to adequately care for themselves. My grandfather spoke of his greatest fear, that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. Fighting back the tears, he spoke proudly of the fact that he had built their home from the ground up, and that he had pounded every nail and laid every brick in the process. The prospect of having to sell their home and give up their independence, and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. It was, in my grandfather’s own words, like having a limb cut off. He exclaimed in a forceful manner that he felt he wasn’t important anymore.

For them and some older Americans, their so-called “golden years” are at times not so pleasant, for this period can mean the decline of not only one’s health but the loss of identity and self-worth. In many societies, this self-identity is closely related with our social status, occupation, material possessions, or independence. Furthermore, we often live in societies that value what is “new” or in fashion, and our own usage of words in the English language is often a sign of bad news for older Americans. I mean how would your family react if you came home tonight exclaiming, “Hey, come to the living room and see the OLD black and white TV I brought!” Unfortunately, the word “old” calls to mind images of the need to replace or discard.

Now, many of the lectures given at this conference have focused on the issues of pension reform, medical care, and the development of public facilities for senior citizens. And while these are vital issues that must be addressed, I’d like to focus my comments on an important issue that will affect the overall success of the other programs mentioned. This has to do with changing our perspectives on what it means to be a part of this group, and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies.

First of all, I’d like to talk about . . .

16. What does the introduction say about Dr. Howard Miller’s articles and books?

17. What is the greatest fear of Dr. Miller’s grandfather?

18. What does Dr. Miller say the “golden years” can often mean?

19. What is the focus of Dr. Miller’s speech?

这是一篇关于老龄化社会，老年人的晚年生活等问题的演讲。

16题：开头题。这是此篇演讲的第一道题目，结合选项中investigate，issue, describe等词，此题很可能考察演讲者的研究主题。“…has written numerous articles and books on the issues facing older Americans in our graying society for the past 15 years.” 答案为B

17题：事实细节题，考察极端化表达“greatsest”。对应原文“My grandfather spoke of his greatest fear, that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years.”答案为D。

18题：事实细节题,考察转折点but。对应“their so-called “golden years” are at times not so pleasant, for this period can mean the decline of not only one’s health but the loss of identity and self-worth.”答案为A。

19题：细节题，转折题。虽然原文提到public services,以一个“while”表达转折，表明作者演讲的意图。对应原文“This has to do with changing our perspectives on what it means to be a part of this group, and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies.”答案选C。

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22.

20. A) It seriously impacts their physical and mental development.

B) It has become a problem affecting global economic growth.

C) It is a common problem found in underdeveloped countries.

D) It is an issue often overlooked by parents in many countries.

21. A) They will live longer. C) They get along well with people.

B) They get better pay. D) They develop much higher IQs.

22. A) Appropriated funds to promote research of nutrient-rich foods.

B) Encouraged breastfeeding for the first six months of a child’s life.

C) Recruited volunteers to teach rural people about health and nutrition.

D) Targeted hunger-relief programs at pregnant women and young children.

原文：

The 2010 Global Hunger Index report was released today by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). It notes that, in recent years, experts have come to the conclusion that undernourishment between conception and a child’s second birthday can have serious and long-lasting impacts.

Undernourishment during this approximately 1,000-day window can seriously check the growth and development of children and render them more likely to get sick and die than well-fed children. Preventing hunger allows children to develop both physically and mentally.

Says IFPRI’s Marie Ruel, “They will be more likely to perform well in school. They will stay in school longer. And then at adulthood, IFPRI has actually demonstrated that children who were better nourished have higher wages, by a pretty large margin, by 46 percent.”

Ruel says that means the productivity of a nation’s future generations depends in a large part on the first 1,000 days of life.

“This is why we’re all on board in focusing on those thousand days to improve nutrition. After that, the damage is done and is highly irreversible.”

The data on nutrition and childhood development has been slowly coming together for decades. But Ruel says scientific consensus alone will not solve the problem.

“It’s not enough that nutritionists know you have to intervene then, if we don’t have the politicians on board, and also the...people that implement [programs] in the field.”

Ruel says there are encouraging signs that politicians and implementers are beginning to get on board. Many major donors and the United Nations are targeting hunger-relief programs at pregnant women and young children. They focus on improving diets or providing micro-food supplements. They improve access to pre-birth care and encourage exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a child’s life.

Ruel says in the 1980s Thailand was able to reduce child undernourishment by recruiting a large number of volunteers to travel the countryside teaching about health and nutrition.

“They really did very active promotion of diversity in the diet and good eating habits. So they were providing more food to people, but also educating people on how to use them, and also educating people on how to feed their young children.”

Ruel says countries may take different approaches to reducing child undernutrition. But she says nations will not make progress fighting hunger and poverty until they begin to focus on those critical first thousand days.

20. What is the experts’ conclusion regarding children’s undernourishment in their earliest days of life?

21. What does IFPRI’s Marie Ruel say about well-fed children in their adult life?

22. What did Thailand do to reduce child undernourishment in the 1980s?

这是一篇关于儿童营养不良问题的讲话。

20题：开头题。选项中都是it开头的句子，考察关于某事物的作用。对应原文“It notes that, in recent years, experts have come to the conclusion that undernourishment between conception and a child’s second birthday can have serious and long-lasting impacts..” 答案为A

21题：事实细节题。对应原文“And then at adulthood, IFPRI has actually demonstrated that children who were better nourished have higher wages, by a pretty large margin, by 46 percent.”higher wage是选项better pay的同义替换。答案为B。

22题：事实细节题。对应“in the 1980s Thailand was able to reduce child undernourishment by recruiting a large number of volunteers to travel the countryside teaching about health and nutrition..”答案为C。

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.

23. A) The guaranteed quality of its goods.

B) The huge volume of its annual sales.

C) The service it provides to its customers.

D) The high value-to-weight ratio of its goods.

24. A) Those having a taste or smell component.

B) Products potentially embarrassing to buy.

C) Those that require very careful handling.

D) Services involving a personal element.

25. A) Those who live in the virtual world.

B) Those who have to work long hours.

C) Those who are used to online transactions.

D) Those who don’t mind paying a little more.

原文：

I’d like to look at a vital aspect of e-commerce, and that is the nature of the product or service. There are certain products and services that are very suitable for selling online, and others that simply don’t work.

Suitable products generally have a high value-to-weight ratio. Items such as CDs and DVDs are obvious examples. Books, although heavier and so more expensive to post, still have a high enough value-to-weight ratio, as the success of Amazon, which started off selling only books, shows. Laptop computers are another good product for selling online.

Digital products, such as software, films and music, can be sold in a purely virtual environment. The goods are paid for by online transactions, and then downloaded onto the buyer’s computer. There are no postage or delivery costs, so prices can be kept low.

Many successful virtual companies provide digital services, such as financial transactions, in the case of Paypal, or means of communication, as Skype does. The key to success here is providing an easy-to-use, reliable service. Do this and you can easily become the market leader, as Skype has proved.

Products which are potentially embarrassing to buy also do well in the virtual environment. Some of the most profitable e-commerce companies are those selling sex-related products or services. For a similar reason, online gambling is highly popular.

Products which are usually considered unsuitable for selling online include those that have a taste or smell component. Food, especially fresh food, falls into this category, along with perfume. Clothes and other items that need to be tried on such as diamond rings and gold necklaces are generally not suited to virtual retailing, and, of course, items with a low value-to-weight ratio.

There are exceptions, though. Online grocery shopping has really taken off, with most major supermarkets offering the service. The inconvenience of not being able to see the food you are buying is outweighed by the time saved and convenience of having the goods delivered. Typical users of online supermarkets include the elderly, people who work long hours and those without their own transport.

23 What is important to the success of an online store?

24. What products are unsuitable for selling online?

25. Who are more likely to buy groceries online?

解：这是一篇关于线上商店的讲话。

23题：开头题。对应原文“Suitable products generally have a high value-to-weight ratio.” 答案为D

24题：事实细节题。对应原文“Products which are usually considered unsuitable for selling online include those that have a taste or smell component..”选项better pay的原词。答案为A。

25题：事实细节题。选项都是those who开头，可见我们要注意关于听力中提到的某一人群。对应“Typical users of online supermarkets include the elderly, people who work long hours and those without their own transport.”选项为原文的原词复现，答案为B。

小结：新题型的难点集中在于：

1. 新题型的出题思路与篇章题目类似，以事实细节题为主，但篇幅更长，用词也更难，题材以社会热点为主，没有篇章题中人物介绍题和故事题好做；

2. 选项的迷惑性增大，常常多于一个选项在听力中出现，对于考生“听懂”文本的要求增加，传统的“选择听到的信息”的做题技巧不足以应对考试。

    总之，此次无论四级还是六级听力改革，题型更加实用，更贴近生活的实际用途，借鉴了部分托福雅思听力的题型。考试难度增加，对于考生注意力，词汇量等扎实的听力能力要求很高，原有的应试技巧不再适用于考试。希望明年参加四、六级考试的新老“顾客，”及早做准备，打好基础，迎难而上。

      关于四六级听力的最新题型，厦门新东方学校依托全国新东方的教研资源，将在寒假四六级的课程中专门开设听力新题型讲解和做题技巧分析的课程，帮助大家更专业、更权威的备考。